How is the cruise industry
catering to these different markets? Carnival Corporation's Carnival
Cruise Lines, the most popular cruise line in the world by number
of passengers, banks on both biggest and best bragging rights.
For the third consecutive year, Carnival has won the "Cruise
Line of the Year" award from the National Association of
Cruise Oriented Agencies. Carnival was also the recipient of
nine platinum awards in Porthole Cruise Magazineís 1999
Annual Readers' Choice Awards.
It would
seem that Carnival is all things to all people. And it pretty
much is. A true mass-market cruise line, Carnival is tops in
many demographic sectors. According to company spokesperson Jennifer
de laCruz, Carnival does not target any specific age group, instead
focusing on providing a fun, casual atmosphere. Because of this,
Carnival pulls in groups of all ages. So when those "family
folks," defined as CLIA as married, average age of 40, parents
of children under 18, and watching their budgets, start piling
aboard cruise ships, it will more than likely be Carnival they
turn to. Says de laCruz, "Carnival makes the most sense
in those scenarios."
And pile aboard they do.
Less than a month after entering service, its new 102,000-ton
Carnival Triumph carried a record 3,413 passengers on
its initial cruise from New York to eastern Canada.
The Triumph's passenger
choices include, among other things, two full-service main dining
rooms, complimentary 24-hour stateroom service, a two-level casual
eatery featuring a New York-style deli, an Asian specialty area
and a 24-hour pizzeria. The interior decor features a global
theme incorporating images from some of the world's most famous
cities including Venice, New Orleans, and Rio de Janeiroóand
even a Rome Lounge, ìheralding the glory days of the Roman
Empire.î
According to CLIA only
11% of Americans have cruised, while another 56% of American
adults are considering it. So it should come as no surprise that
Carnival intends to accommodate those potential passengers. Carnival
has five newbuilds, with a total capacity for 12,000 or so passengers,
scheduled to come into service between August 2000 and summer
of 2003.
THE NEXT GENERATION
The cruise industry is
also beginning to set its sights on the vast urban professional
market, the thirty and forty something crowd with disposable
incomes, who havení't been a traditional part of the cruising
sector.
One brand dedicated to
capturing that younger market is Royal Caribbean's Celebrity
Cruise Lines. It claims to have the youngest fleet in the industry,
with all five of its ships being built in this decade. The crown
jewel of the line, scheduled to make its maiden voyage in June
2000, is the Millennium. It is clear that Celebrity intends
Millennium to be THE resort at sea, capturing what CLIA
describes as the "want-it-alls"--self-described workaholics
with very high expectations when they do take a vacation.
The Millennium's
offerings will include Michael's Club, a "richly appointed
cigar lounge with traditional English Georgian decor and natural
cherry paneling." The Extreme Sports Bar, on top of the
ship overlooking the pool deck, will be Celebrity's first sports
bar. Continuing the Celebrity tradition, Millennium will
include Celebrity's AquaSpa, claimed to be the largest, most
comprehensive spa facilities afloat.
For the ship's specialty
Olympic Dining Room, Celebrity tracked down the original wood
paneling from the a la carte dining room of the R.M.S. Olympic
and has had it installed in Millennium.
According to Celebrity
President Richard Sasso, ìThe Olympic restaurant offers
our guests the opportunity to experience the elegance and romance
of one of the great, turn-of-the-century transatlantic liners.î
While the Olympic is a
stroke of marketing genius, Celebrity did have to answer to the
regulators. SOLAS and U. S. Coast Guard regulations both prohibit
the use of flammable construction material inside passenger ships.
So the newbuilding department, prior to installing the restored
Olympic panels onboard the Millennium, are installing a special
incombustible lining within the space.
All of the shipís
grandeur is backed up by Celebrityís guest-staff ratio
of two to one. Celebrityís senior vice president of marketing
James Lomonosoff says this ratio is simply part of Celebrityís
attempt to ìsatisfy the physical, emotional and artistic
quality of life need of all our guests.î
Millennium follows another trend in the cruise
industryórooms with a view. It claims the largest percentage
of ocean view staterooms (few new ships have mere cabins anymore)
of any cruise ship, with 80% of the total 975 staterooms having
exterior views. Seventy-four percent will have verandas.
Those with a true taste
for living large might opt for one of the two Penthouse Suites.
At 1,690 ft2, the suites, designed by Birch Coffey
Design Associates, are the largest afloat. Everything from an
exercise space to a baby grand piano has been included in each
suite. The suitesí verandas include an outdoor whirlpool,
wet bar and lounge seating. Butler service is included.
While not necessarily catering
to the next generation of cruisers, Carnival Corp. keeps its
upscale options open with wholly owned subsidiary Holland America
Lines. Holland America, for example, is a bit more upscale than
the Corporationís mass-market Carnival Cruise Lines. Holland
America passengers may be termed what CLIA calls ìcomfortable
spenders,î well-off 40-somethings who are well-traveled
and active, and a fan of resort vacations. Holland America passengers,
though, tend to be a little older, usually retired or semi-retired,
and seek a five-star experience and a value. These passengers,
says Holland America, enjoy ìthe companionship of fellow
passengers when travelling, yet also appreciate and cherish opportunities
for privacy, serenity and intimacy.î They appreciate ìrefinement
and elegance,î but are not ìostentatious or showy.î
In other words, theyíre upscale, but not necessarily overly
concerned with being trendy.
It should be pointed out
that one of the problems with following onshore trends is keeping
up with them. The internet craze, for example, has proven a boon
to marine interior contractors such as James P. Colie and Associates
as lines try to keep up with shore-based resorts. In September,
the company completed construction of the first of seven internet
cafes for Royal Caribbean International (another RCC company)
cruise ships, this one on the Sovereign of the Seas.
THE NOT-SO IN CROWD
Not all of the cruising
action these days is happening on floating resorts or even on
the high seas for that matter. And not all of it is geared toward
family vacations or image-conscious urban professionals.
American Classic Voyages
Co., is proving to be a successful brand with an older crowd.
AMCVís Delta Queen Steamboat Company recently unveiled
plans for a new 161-passenger riverboat which will cruise the
Pacific Northwest. The Columbia Queen, to begin service
in April of 2000, will feature year-round cruises departing from
its homeport of Portland, Ore., and will traverse the Columbia,
Snake and Willamette rivers.
The company, says Scott
Young, president and chief operating officer, has built its niche
by ìproviding historical vacations aboard intimate U.S.-flag
vessels all along the inland rivers.î The companyís
other three vessels, Delta Queen, Mississippi Queen, and
American Queen, cruise throughout the nationís
heartland and the Old South. ìThe Columbia Queen,î
says Young, ìwill continue that tradition by sharing with
travelers the storied history, geography and attractions of the
Pacific Northwest.î
According to James M. German,
brand manager for The Columbia Queen and Delta Queen Coastal
Cruises, the target market consists mostly of travelers fifty
years old and up, with previous experience with cruises and upscale
tour products. The fifty plus crowd is the fastest growing segment
of the American population and is the traditional crowd of Delta
Queenís other vessels operating in the south and the midwest.
German says that an emphasis on a total vacation package, including
land-based destinations specifically designed to highlight a
particular regionís history is one of the keys to capturing
this market segment.
German points out that
the fifty plus age group is a good deal more active than it was
twenty years ago. Columbia Queen packages will therefore offer
a number of optional ìsoftî adventures: a helicopter
ride at Mt. St. Helens, deep-sea fishing out of Astoria, Ore.,
or sturgeon fishing at Lewiston, Id.
Starting in the Spring
of 2001, Delta will broaden its offering for its target market
with an East Coast version Delta Queen Coastal Voyages.
INTREPID ADVENTURERS
Delta's "soft adventures"
might not be quite enough for one of CLIA's growing breeds of
passengers, the "adventurers." CLIA describes them
as sophisticated, well-educated travelers who have a penchant
for the exotic, a desire for once-in-a-lifetime experiences.
Windjammer Barefoot Cruises,
Ltd. is convinced that nothing compares with a "real"
sea voyage despite the overall trend towards bigger and bigger
"floating hotels."
"Besides offering
the thrill of sailing before the mast on a magnificent, historical
tall ship," says Dale Miller, publicity director for Windjammer,
"each of our island destinations offers exciting adventures
ashore, as well as some of the best diving in the Caribbean."
No casinos, coffee bars, or dance clubs here--instead the sound
of sails and lines, and beach parties. And, while it is not a
requirement, Windjammer also offers passengers a chance to jump
in and help out the crew setting sail or manning the helm.
The effort seems to be
paying off. Despite the small size of its vessels, Windjammer
carries between 20,000 and 25,000 passengers (ages "six
to sixty-five") a year. And they keep coming back. According
to Miller, Windjammer boasts one of the highest repeat passenger
rates in the entire industry--40-50%--and was named among the
worldís best small cruise lines (under 350 passengers)
by both Travel & Leisure magazine and by Conde
Naste Traveler. ML